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Differences between combustion and gasification: Comparison Parameter
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In addition, the high-temperature process refines out corrosive ash elements such as chloride and potassium, allowing clean gas production from otherwise problematic fuels. Gasification can also begin with material which would otherwise have been disposed of such as biodegradable waste. Syngas may be burned directly in gas engines, used to produce methanol and hydrogen, or converted via the Fischer–Tropsch process into synthetic fuel. The advantage of gasification is that using syngas (synthesis gas H2/CO) is potentially more efficient than direct combustion of the original fuel because it can be combusted at higher temperatures or even in fuel cells, so that the thermodynamic upper limit to the efficiency defined by Carnot’s rule is higher or (in case of fuel cells) not applicable. 1 kg of biomass having calorific value in the range of 3500-4500 kcal/kg can generate around 2.5-3.0 Nm3 producer gas having calorific value of 1000-1200 kcal/Nm3. The amount of hydrogen can be increased by using steam as a gasification agent and amount of carbon monoxide can be increased by using oxygen as a gasification agent. The key factor for the reaction is carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O) and sulphur (S) content of the biomass and gasifying agents used: air, oxygen or steam. The last step, the heart of gasification, ultimately converts carbonaceous compounds of biomass into carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and carbon dioxide. Gasifier converts biomass into a gaseous form called producer gas through different chemical reactions like dehydration, pyrolysis, combustion/oxidation and reduction in the presence of red hot charcoal.
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The power derived from gasification and combustion of the resultant gas is considered to be a source of renewable energy if the gasified compounds were obtained from biomass. The resulting gas mixture is called syngas (from synthesis gas) or producer gas and is itself a fuel. This is achieved by reacting the material at high temperatures (>700 ☌), without combustion, with a controlled amount of oxygen and/or steam. Gasification is a process that converts organic- or fossil fuel-based carbonaceous materials into carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide. In a nutshell, the energy contained in biomass is nothing but stored solar energy which is converted into heat (and hence power) with null CO2 balance. Through this process, plants consume the light energy from the sun and convert CO2 and water from the environment into organic matter that contributes to plant growth. The chemical energy contained in the biomass is a derivative of photosynthesis. Chicken Manure How does biomass energy cycle work ?